Among the simplest organisms there are many parasites of animals and humans.The parasitic protozoa that cause the most serious and common diseases are listed below.
Dysenteric amoeba
The dysenteric amoeba is similar to the common amoeba, but is smaller and has shorter and wider rhizomes.It enters the human digestive system through the mouth in the cyst stage.In the large intestine, the amoeba exits the cyst and feeds on bacteria without harming the person.This simple organism then begins to penetrate the intestinal wall, feed on red blood cells and become a parasite.Ulcers form in the intestines, depleting the human body.Amoebic dysentery, or amebiasis, appears.
Dysenteric amoeba can enter the bloodstream and reach the liver.Even here the parasite leads to the formation of purulent ulcers.
Forming cysts, amoebas leave the human body with undigested food waste.Light cysts spread easily.If you don't wash your hands and food, you can get infected.
Plasmodium malaria
Plasmodium is a parasitic protozoan.Some species of Plasmodium cause malaria in humans.The malaria plasmodium is carried by the malaria mosquito.During an insect bite, the plasmodium enters the host's bloodstream.Together with the blood, it reaches the liver, is fed there, grows and multiplies.After that, many plasmodia re-enter the bloodstream and begin to parasitize red blood cells, destroying them and releasing their waste, which poisons the host.A person has a fever and suffers from anemia.
If a person with malaria is bitten again by a malaria mosquito, the plasmodia will now be transferred from the person to the mosquito.Plasmodium reproduces sexually in the body of mosquitoes.
Malaria is common in Africa.This is a very dangerous disease.Malaria is fought, among other things, by destroying malaria-carrying mosquitoes.
brucei
The genus Trypanosome consists of parasitic protozoa that have flagella (related to Euglena).Their main host is a vertebrate animal, and their carriers are usually insects.Different representatives of trypanosomes cause different diseases in animals and humans.Parasites mainly in blood and cerebrospinal fluid.The most famous and common disease caused by trypanosomes is sleeping sickness.
The vector of sleeping sickness is the tsetse fly.This disease is typical of tropical Africa.Sleeping sickness develops in two stages: in the first weeks a person suffers from fever and pain, after a month or more drowsiness, disturbances in sleep and coordination and changes in consciousness appear.The disease is easier to treat in the first stage.
Giardia
Giardia is a genus of flagellated parasitic protozoa.Lamblia intestinalis causes giardiasis in humans and animals, in which the parasite lives in the small intestine.
A person becomes infected with giardiasis by eating unwashed food containing Giardia cysts.After emerging from the cyst, the lamblia attaches itself to the intestines and feeds on the digested food.
Leishmania
Leishmania is another genus of parasitic protozoa.They cause leishmaniasis in humans and many other animals.The carriers are mosquitoes.
There are different types of leishmaniasis associated with damage to different tissues of the body.One of them is the skin disease Pendensky ulcer.
Coccidia
Coccidia parasitize many animals, including worms, arthropods and fish.They cause coccidiosis diseases, which cause serious damage to livestock and fish farming.
Coccidia settle in the form of spores containing parasitic cells.
Coccidia includes the genus Toxoplasma.Their representatives cause such a widespread disease in humans as toxoplasmosis.A person becomes infected from pets or poorly prepared meat food.Toxoplasma affects many organs, including the nervous system.